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ASTHONIL TABLET (SUGAR COATED) Product Identification • Generic Name: Asthonil Tablet • Type: Ayurvedic Patent Medicine • Primary Indication Area: Respiratory System Disorders Therapeutic Indications Asthonil tablet is marketed as beneficial for diseases related to the lungs and respiration. Key indications include: • Bronchial Asthma: Chronic disease affecting the airways. • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Long-term progressive lung diseases. • Bronchitis: Inflammation of the bronchial tubes. • Chronic and Allergic Cough: Persistent coughs or coughs triggered by allergens. • Cold, Congestion, and Sinusitis: Relief from common upper respiratory symptoms. • Dyspnoea: Difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath. Ingredients: SOMLATA Botanical / Common Name: Sarcostemma acidum / Somlata Key Constituents: Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Glycosides Mechanism of Action in Respiratory Disorders (Biochemistry / Pharmacology) 1. Bronchodilation (Airway Relaxation) • Alkaloids in Somlata interact with β-adrenergic receptors and/or inhibit cholinergic-mediated bronchoconstriction, leading to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles. • Result: Widening of airways, improved airflow, relief in asthma and bronchospasm. 2. Expectorant / Mucus Clearance • Bioactive compounds stimulate the mucociliary apparatus in the respiratory tract. • Enhance secretion of watery mucus and reduce viscosity of phlegm. • Biochemical effect: Improves mucus transport and clearance, reducing airway obstruction. Use : useful in acute and chronic bronchitic. Dosage : 1 to 2 tablet thrice a day with ark saunf or water or as directed by the physician APAMARG Botanical / Common Name: Achyranthes aspera / Apamarg Panchang (whole plant) Key Phytoconstituents: • Saponins – Anti-inflammatory, mucolytic • Alkaloids – Bronchodilator, antispasmodic • Tannins – Astringent, reduces irritation • Flavonoids – Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory • Polysaccharides – Soothing to mucosa Mechanism of Action in Respiratory Disorders (Biochemistry / Pharmacology) 1. Expectorant / Mucolytic Action o Stimulates mucociliary activity in the bronchi. o Loosens thick mucus for easier expulsion. o Reduces airway obstruction in bronchitis and chronic cough. 2. Anti-inflammatory Effect o Inhibits pro-inflammatory mediators like histamines, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. o Reduces swelling of bronchial mucosa, helpful in asthma, sinusitis, and allergic cough. AAK Botanical / Common Name: Calotropis gigantea / Aak Key Phytoconstituents: • Cardiac glycosides (e.g., calotropin) • Flavonoids • Triterpenoids • Latex proteins • Alkaloids Mechanism of Action in Respiratory Disorders (Biochemistry / Pharmacology) 1. Antitussive (Cough Suppression) o Reduces cough reflex sensitivity by acting on the respiratory tract mucosa. o Helps in persistent and chronic coughs, including dry coughs. 2. Anti-inflammatory Action o Flavonoids and triterpenoids inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators (histamines, prostaglandins, leukotrienes). o Reduces inflammation of bronchial mucosa, easing symptoms of bronchitis and asthma. KANTKARI Botanical / Common Name: Solanum xanthocarpum / Kantakari / Yellow-berried Nightshade Key Phytoconstituents: • Steroidal alkaloids (e.g., solasodine, solanine) • Saponins • Flavonoids • Glycosides • Volatile oils Mechanism of Action in Respiratory Disorders (Biochemistry / Pharmacology) 1. Bronchodilator / Airway Relaxation o Alkaloids relax bronchial smooth muscles, widening airways. o Reduces bronchospasm in asthma and COPD. 2. Expectorant / Mucus Clearance o Saponins and glycosides stimulate bronchial glands, increasing secretion of thin mucus. o Facilitates easy expulsion of phlegm in bronchitis, chronic cough, and sinusitis. SAT PUDINA Botanical / Common Name: Mentha arvensis / Sat Pudina / Field Mint Key Phytoconstituents: • Menthol • Menthone • Flavonoids • Essential oils (cineole, carvone) Mechanism of Action in Respiratory Disorders (Biochemistry / Pharmacology) 1. Decongestant / Cooling Action o Menthol and volatile oils provide a cooling sensation and mild vasodilation in nasal and bronchial mucosa. o Helps relieve nasal and chest congestion, easing airflow in sinusitis, cold, and bronchitis. 2. Mild Bronchodilator o Menthol relaxes smooth muscles of the airways to a small extent. o Supports ease of breathing in mild bronchospasm. NEELGIRI OIL Botanical / Common Name: Eucalyptus globulus / Neelgiri Oil Key Phytoconstituents: • 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) – major component • Alpha-pinene • Limonene • Flavonoids Mechanism of Action in Respiratory Disorders (Biochemistry / Pharmacology) 1. Expectorant / Mucus Clearance o 1,8-Cineole stimulates mucociliary activity in the bronchial tract. o Loosens thick mucus, facilitating easier expulsion of phlegm. o Beneficial in bronchitis, chronic cough, and sinus congestion. 2. Anti-inflammatory Action o Cineole and flavonoids inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes). o Reduces swelling of the bronchial and nasal mucosa, easing breathing. ABHRAK BHASMA Name: • Abhrak Bhasma (Incinerated Mica) – an Ayurvedic mineral preparation Key Constituents: • Silica (SiO₂) • Aluminium compounds • Iron oxides • Trace minerals (depending on preparation method) Mechanism of Action in Respiratory Disorders (Biochemistry / Pharmacology) 1. Immunomodulatory / Rasayana Effect o Abhrak Bhasma is considered a Rasayana in Ayurveda, meaning it supports body strength, immunity, and respiratory vitality. o Enhances the body’s resistance to recurrent respiratory infections like bronchitis and cold. 2. Bronchodilator / Respiratory Support o Traditional use suggests mild relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles, supporting airflow in chronic respiratory conditions. 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