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ASHWAGANDHA (Withania somnifera / Indian Ginseng) The Rejuvenating, Strength-Giving & Adaptogenic Herb of Ayurveda Ashwagandha, also known as Indian Ginseng, is a highly revered herb in Ayurveda, valued for its adaptogenic, rejuvenating, and restorative properties. The name “Ashwagandha” means “smell of horse,” signifying its ability to impart strength, vitality, and stamina. In Ayurveda, it is described as Balya, Rasayana, Medhya, Vajikarana, Jwaraghna, and Chakshushya. It is widely used for stress, anxiety, fatigue, low immunity, sexual weakness, cognitive enhancement, inflammation, and chronic diseases. BOTANICAL INFORMATION • Scientific Name: Withania somnifera • Family: Solanaceae • Order: Solanales • Genus: Withania • Species: somnifera • Common Names: o Sanskrit – Ashwagandha, Rasayana o Hindi – Ashwagandha o English – Indian Ginseng, Winter Cherry o Tamil – Amukkara o Telugu – Ksheeravallari o Malayalam – Amukkara o Kannada – Aswagandha o Bengali – Aswagandha • Types / Varieties: 1. Shweta (White root variety) 2. Raktapushpi (Red-flowered variety) 3. Sita (Medicinal root-rich variety) SYNONYMS FROM AYURVEDIC NIGHANTUS • Bhavaprakasha: Ashwagandha, Rasayana, Vajikarana • Dhanvantari Nighantu: Ashwagandha, Mahashweta • Kaiyadeva Nighantu: Ashwagandha, Balya, Medhya • Raja Nighantu: Ashwagandha, Vajikarana MORPHOLOGY • Plant Type: Erect, woody perennial shrub • Stem: Woody, pale green to brown, slightly hairy • Leaves: Simple, ovate, gray-green, soft, slightly hairy • Flowers: Small, greenish-yellow, bell-shaped • Roots: Thick, tuberous, aromatic • Fruits: Small red berries containing seeds ECOLOGICAL PREFERENCES • Climate: Tropical & subtropical • Soil: Well-drained, sandy-loamy • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade • Moisture: Moderate • Altitude: Up to 1500 m • Habitat: Cultivated fields, home gardens, wild areas DISTRIBUTION Widely found throughout India, particularly in Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and southern states. Also present in Nepal, Sri Lanka, and parts of Africa; cultivated worldwide due to medicinal importance. CLASSICAL AYURVEDIC PROPERTIES • Rasa: Madhura (sweet), Tikta (bitter) • Guna: Guru (heavy), Snigdha (unctuous) • Virya: Ushna (hot) • Vipaka: Madhura (sweet) • Dosha Effect: Vata-Kapha shamaka • Karma (Therapeutic Actions): Balya, Rasayana, Medhya, Vajikarana, Jwaraghna, Chakshushya, Shothahara, Agnivardhana HISTORICAL REFERENCES & STORIES • Vedic Era: Mentioned as a strength-giving and rejuvenating herb. • Charaka Samhita: Used for weakness, Vata disorders, low immunity, cognitive enhancement. • Sushruta Samhita: Recommended for chronic diseases, wounds, debility, and sexual weakness. • Bhavaprakasha Nighantu: Praised for Balya, Rasayana, Medhya, Vajikarana effects. • Story: Traditionally given to warriors before battle to enhance vitality and stamina. MODERN PHYTOCHEMISTRY Contains Withanolides, Withaferin A, Alkaloids (Withanine), Saponins, Flavonoids, Steroidal lactones, Iron, and Amino acids. CULTIVATION • Propagated by seeds or root cuttings. • Requires well-drained soil, sunlight, and moderate irrigation. • Harvested after 150–180 days for root use. CLASSICAL DOSAGE (ACCORDING TO GRANATHAS) • Ashwagandha Churna (Powder): 3–6 g, twice daily • Ashwagandha Swarasa (Juice): 10–20 ml, 1–2 times daily • Ashwagandha Kwatha (Decoction): 30–50 ml, twice daily • Ashwagandha Patra (Leaves): 5–10 fresh leaves daily • Ashwagandha Ark: 10–20 ml daily • Ashwagandha Tablet / Capsule: 1–2 tablets/capsules twice daily with warm water after meals THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS Weakness, fatigue, stress, anxiety, insomnia, low immunity, sexual debility, arthritis, Vata disorders, cognitive decline, chronic fever, inflammation, heart weakness. SAFETY & PRECAUTIONS • Generally safe in recommended doses. • Avoid high doses during pregnancy and lactation. • Caution in hyperthyroidism or gastric ulcers. • Suitable for long-term use in small doses. Classical Formulations: Ashwagandha with Ghee, Milk, Honey, Chyawanprash, Guduchi, Shatavari – used for rejuvenation, immunity, stress relief, and strength. Ashwagandha Formulations by Bhartiya Ayurvedic Pharmacy At Bhartiya Ayurvedic Pharmacy, we prepare a range of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) formulations following classical Ayurvedic methods as described in Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, and other Ayurvedic Granthas. Each product is crafted to retain the therapeutic potency, purity, and efficacy of the herb, ensuring benefits for stress relief, immunity, sexual and cognitive health, and overall rejuvenation. 1. ASHWAGANDHA TABLET • Dosage: 1–2 tablets twice daily after meals Indications • Fatigue and general weakness • Stress and anxiety • Low immunity and recurrent infections • Arthritis and Vata disorders • Sexual weakness and reproductive health support • Cognitive enhancement, memory and concentration • Chronic debility and convalescence after illness